1. 抽离了LApp的部分内容，以解耦其对Qt的依赖，并且尝试了拓展多渲染后端支持。

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# LAppLive2D — Live2D SDK 示例应用层，编译为静态库
+# 依赖：Framework(libFramework.a) + Live2DCubismCore(libLive2DCubismCore.a)
+# 无 Qt 依赖 — 完全解耦，仅依赖 OpenGL/GLES 头文件 + Cubism SDK
+
+file(GLOB_RECURSE LAppLive2D_SOURCES
+    CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Src/*.cpp"
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Inc/*.hpp"
+)
+
+add_library(lapp_live2d STATIC ${LAppLive2D_SOURCES})
+
+# =============================================
+# 自身的公开头文件目录
+# =============================================
+target_include_directories(lapp_live2d
+    PUBLIC
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Inc"
+)
+
+# =============================================
+# Live2D SDK 头文件（Framework + Core + stb）
+# 这些是 lapp_live2d 编译时必需的，通过 PUBLIC 发布给最终链接目标
+# =============================================
+target_include_directories(lapp_live2d
+    PUBLIC
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../Framework/src"
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../Core/include"
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../stb"
+)
+
+# =============================================
+# 链接依赖 — 注意链接顺序！
+# lapp_live2d → Framework → Live2DCubismCore
+# Framework 内部使用了 Live2DCubismCore 的符号，所以 Core 必须在 Framework 之后
+# lapp_live2d 无 Qt 依赖，开发者可自由选择 UI 后端(Qt/SDL/GLFW等)
+# =============================================
+target_link_libraries(lapp_live2d
+    PUBLIC
+        Framework           # Live2D Framework 静态库（IMPORTED，由父CMakeLists定义）
+        Live2DCubismCore    # Live2D Core 静态库（IMPORTED，由父CMakeLists定义）
+)

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/GLRenderContext.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+//
+// Created by misaki on 2026/6/23.
+//
+
+#pragma once
+#include "IRenderContext.hpp"
+#include "LAppOpenGL.hpp"
+
+class GLRenderContext final : public IRenderContext {
+public:
+    void Clear(float r, float g, float b, float a) override {
+        glClearColor(r, g, b, a);
+        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+    }
+
+    void ClearDepth(float depth) override {
+        LAPP_GL_CLEAR_DEPTH(depth);
+    }
+
+    void SetViewport(int x, int y, int w, int h) override {
+        glViewport(x, y, w, h);
+    }
+
+    uintptr_t CreateShaderProgram() override {
+        return CompileShader();
+    }
+
+    uintptr_t GetShaderProgram() const override {
+        return _programId;
+    }
+
+    void InitializeGLState() override {
+        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+        glEnable(GL_BLEND);
+        glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+    }
+
+private:
+    GLuint _programId = 0;
+
+    GLuint CompileShader() {
+        if (_programId) return _programId;
+
+#if defined(QT_OPENGL_ES_2) || defined(QT_OPENGL_ES_3) || defined(EMBEDDED_LINUX)
+        const char* vertexShader =
+            "#version 100\n"
+            "attribute vec3 position;\n"
+            "attribute vec2 uv;\n"
+            "varying vec2 vuv;\n"
+            "void main() {\n"
+            "    gl_Position = vec4(position, 1.0);\n"
+            "    vuv = uv;\n"
+            "}\n";
+        const char* fragmentShader =
+            "#version 100\n"
+            "precision mediump float;\n"
+            "varying vec2 vuv;\n"
+            "uniform sampler2D texture;\n"
+            "uniform vec4 baseColor;\n"
+            "void main() {\n"
+            "    gl_FragColor = texture2D(texture, vuv) * baseColor;\n"
+            "}\n";
+#else
+        const char* vertexShader =
+            "#version 120\n"
+            "attribute vec3 position;\n"
+            "attribute vec2 uv;\n"
+            "varying vec2 vuv;\n"
+            "void main(void) {\n"
+            "    gl_Position = vec4(position, 1.0);\n"
+            "    vuv = uv;\n"
+            "}\n";
+        const char* fragmentShader =
+            "#version 120\n"
+            "varying vec2 vuv;\n"
+            "uniform sampler2D texture;\n"
+            "uniform vec4 baseColor;\n"
+            "void main(void) {\n"
+            "    gl_FragColor = texture2D(texture, vuv) * baseColor;\n"
+            "}\n";
+#endif
+
+        GLuint vertId = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
+        glShaderSource(vertId, 1, &vertexShader, nullptr);
+        glCompileShader(vertId);
+
+        GLuint fragId = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
+        glShaderSource(fragId, 1, &fragmentShader, nullptr);
+        glCompileShader(fragId);
+
+        _programId = glCreateProgram();
+        glAttachShader(_programId, vertId);
+        glAttachShader(_programId, fragId);
+        glLinkProgram(_programId);
+        glUseProgram(_programId);
+
+        glDeleteShader(vertId);
+        glDeleteShader(fragId);
+        return _programId;
+    }
+};

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/IRenderContext.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//
+// Created by misaki on 2026/6/23.
+//
+#pragma once
+#include <cstdint>
+
+class IRenderContext {
+public:
+    virtual ~IRenderContext() = default;
+
+    virtual void Clear(float r, float g, float b, float a) = 0;
+    virtual void ClearDepth(float depth) = 0;
+    virtual void SetViewport(int x, int y, int w, int h) = 0;
+    virtual uintptr_t CreateShaderProgram() = 0;
+    virtual uintptr_t GetShaderProgram() const = 0;
+    virtual void InitializeGLState() = 0;
+};

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/ISpriteRenderer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//
+// Created by misaki on 2026/6/23.
+//
+
+#pragma once
+#include <cstdint>
+
+class ISpriteRenderer {
+public:
+    virtual ~ISpriteRenderer() = default;
+
+    virtual void SetColor(float r, float g, float b, float a) = 0;
+    virtual void SetWindowSize(int w, int h) = 0;
+    virtual void RenderImmidiate(uintptr_t textureId,
+                                 const float uvVertex[8]) const = 0;
+    virtual bool IsHit(float px, float py) const = 0;
+    virtual void ResetRect(float x, float y, float w, float h) = 0;
+    virtual uintptr_t GetTextureId() const = 0;
+};

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/LAppDelegate.hpp

@@ -9,11 +9,12 @@
 
 #include "LAppOpenGL.hpp"
 #include "LAppAllocator.hpp"
-#include "GLCore.h"
+#include "IRenderContext.hpp"
+#include <functional>
 
 class LAppView;
 class LAppTextureManager;
-class GLCore;
+// class QWidget;                                        // [Misaki] 已完全解耦Qt
 
 /**
 * @brief   アプリケーションクラス。
@@ -37,17 +38,29 @@ public:
     static void ReleaseInstance();
 
     // 新增
+    // resize 由应用层(GLCore::resizeGL)调用，通知LApp窗口尺寸变更
     void resize(int width, int height);
 
     // 新增
     void update();
 
+    IRenderContext* GetRenderContext() const { return _renderContext; }
+    void SetRenderContext(IRenderContext* ctx) { _renderContext = ctx; }
+
+    // [Misaki] 窗口大小变更回调 — 解耦 AppContext/GLCore 依赖
+    // 当模型加载后需要调整窗口大小时，LAppLive2DManager 通过此回调通知应用层
+    using WindowResizeFunc = std::function<void(int width, int height)>;
+    void SetWindowResizeCallback(WindowResizeFunc cb) { _onResizeWindow = std::move(cb); }
+    void NotifyWindowResize(int width, int height) { if (_onResizeWindow) _onResizeWindow(width, height); }
 
     /**
     * @brief   APPに必要なものを初期化する。
+    * @param windowWidth   窗口宽度（像素）
+    * @param windowHeight  窗口高度（像素）
     */
-    //bool Initialize();
-    bool Initialize(GLCore* window);
+    // bool Initialize(GLCore* window);              // [Misaki] 原
+    // bool Initialize(QWidget* window);             // [Misaki] 中间解耦版本
+    bool Initialize(int windowWidth, int windowHeight); // [Misaki] 完全解耦Qt，仅传入尺寸
 
     /**
     * @brief   解放する。
@@ -86,9 +99,12 @@ public:
     GLuint CreateShader();
 
     /**
-    * @brief   Window情報を取得する。
+    * @brief   Window尺寸を取得する。
     */
-    GLCore* GetWindow() { return _window; }     // Misaki 修改
+    // GLCore* GetWindow() { return _window; }     // [Misaki] 原
+    // QWidget* GetWindow() { return _window; }     // [Misaki] 中间版本
+    int GetWindowWidth() const { return _windowWidth; }    // [Misaki] 完全解耦Qt
+    int GetWindowHeight() const { return _windowHeight; }  // [Misaki] 完全解耦Qt
 
     /**
     * @brief   View情報を取得する。
@@ -128,10 +144,13 @@ private:
      */
     bool CheckShader(GLuint shaderId);
 
+    IRenderContext* _renderContext = nullptr;
+    WindowResizeFunc _onResizeWindow;              ///< [Misaki] 窗口大小回调
     LAppAllocator _cubismAllocator;              ///< Cubism SDK Allocator
     Csm::CubismFramework::Option _cubismOption;  ///< Cubism SDK Option
     //GLFWwindow* _window;                         ///< OpenGL ウィンドウ
-    GLCore* _window;                             ///< Misaki 修改 
+    // GLCore* _window;                             ///< Misaki 修改 
+    // QWidget* _window;                             ///< [Misaki] 使用QWidget基类，解耦GLCore
     LAppView* _view;                             ///< View情報
     bool _captured;                              ///< クリックしているか
     float _mouseX;                               ///< マウスX座標

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/LAppModel.hpp

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
+#include "LAppOpenGL.hpp"
 /**
  * @brief ユーザーが実際に使用するモデルの実装クラス<br>
  *         モデル生成、機能コンポーネント生成、更新処理とレンダリングの呼び出しを行う。
@@ -286,5 +287,6 @@ private:
     Live2D::Cubism::Framework::csmFloat32 alpha = 0.8f; // 滤波系数，范围在0到1之间，值越小，平滑效果越强
     Live2D::Cubism::Framework::csmFloat32 filteredValue = 0.0f; // 滤波后的值
 
-    Csm::Rendering::CubismOffscreenSurface_OpenGLES2  _renderBuffer;   ///< フレームバッファ以外の描画先
+    // Csm::Rendering::CubismOffscreenSurface_OpenGLES2  _renderBuffer;   ///< フレームバッファ以外の描画先
+    CUBISM_OFFSCREEN_TYPE  _renderBuffer;
 };

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/LAppOpenGL.hpp

@@ -22,4 +22,25 @@
     #define LAPP_GL_CLEAR_DEPTH(d) glClearDepthf(d)
 #else
     #define LAPP_GL_CLEAR_DEPTH(d) glClearDepth(d)
-#endif
+#endif
+
+#define CONCAT_IMPL(a, b) a##b
+
+#define CONCAT(a, b) CONCAT_IMPL(a, b)
+
+// 渲染后端编译期类型选择 与 Cubism SDK 的 CubismRenderer::Create() 条件编译对齐
+#if defined(RENDER_BACKEND_VULKAN)
+  #define RENDERER_BACKEND_TAG Vulkan
+#elif defined(RENDER_BACKEND_D3D11)
+  #define RENDERER_BACKEND_TAG D3D11
+#elif defined(RENDER_BACKEND_D3D9)
+  #define RENDERER_BACKEND_TAG D3D9
+#elif defined(RENDER_BACKEND_METAL)
+  #define RENDERER_BACKEND_TAG Metal
+#else
+  #define RENDERER_BACKEND_TAG OpenGLES2
+#endif
+
+// 类型别名宏，用于 Csm 命名空间下的后端特定类型
+#define CUBISM_RENDERER_TYPE   CONCAT(Csm::Rendering::CubismRenderer_, RENDERER_BACKEND_TAG)
+#define CUBISM_OFFSCREEN_TYPE  CONCAT(Csm::Rendering::CubismOffscreenSurface_, RENDERER_BACKEND_TAG)

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/LAppSprite.hpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "LAppOpenGL.hpp"
+#include "ISpriteRenderer.hpp"     // [Misaki] 渲染后端抽象
 
 /**
 * @brief スプライトを実装するクラス。
@@ -15,7 +16,8 @@
 * テクスチャID、Rectの管理。
 *
 */
-class LAppSprite
+// class LAppSprite                                 // [Misaki] 原
+class LAppSprite : public ISpriteRenderer           // [Misaki] 继承渲染抽象接口
 {
 public:
     /**
@@ -40,7 +42,8 @@ public:
     * @param[in]       textureId    テクスチャID
     * @param[in]       programId    シェーダID
     */
-    LAppSprite(float x, float y, float width, float height, GLuint textureId, GLuint programId);
+    // LAppSprite(float x, float y, float width, float height, GLuint textureId, GLuint programId);  // [Misaki] 原
+    LAppSprite(float x, float y, float width, float height, uintptr_t textureId, uintptr_t programId); // [Misaki] 抽象类型
 
     /**
     * @brief デストラクタ
@@ -51,7 +54,8 @@ public:
     * @brief Getter テクスチャID
     * @return テクスチャIDを返す
     */
-    GLuint GetTextureId() { return _textureId; }
+    // GLuint GetTextureId() { return _textureId; }       // [Misaki] 原
+    uintptr_t GetTextureId() const override { return _textureId; } // [Misaki] 抽象类型
 
     /**
     * @brief 描画する
@@ -63,7 +67,8 @@ public:
     * @brief テクスチャIDを指定して描画する
     *
     */
-    void RenderImmidiate(GLuint textureId, const GLfloat uvVertex[8]) const;
+    // void RenderImmidiate(GLuint textureId, const GLfloat uvVertex[8]) const;   // [Misaki] 原
+    void RenderImmidiate(uintptr_t textureId, const float uvVertex[8]) const override; // [Misaki] 抽象类型
 
     /**
     * @brief コンストラクタ
@@ -71,7 +76,8 @@ public:
     * @param[in]       pointX    x座標
     * @param[in]       pointY    y座標
     */
-    bool IsHit(float pointX, float pointY) const;
+    // bool IsHit(float pointX, float pointY) const;     // [Misaki] 原
+    bool IsHit(float pointX, float pointY) const override; // [Misaki] 接口实现
 
     /**
      * @brief 色設定
@@ -81,7 +87,8 @@ public:
      * @param[in]       b (0.0~1.0)
      * @param[in]       a (0.0~1.0)
      */
-    void SetColor(float r, float g, float b, float a);
+    // void SetColor(float r, float g, float b, float a);      // [Misaki] 原
+    void SetColor(float r, float g, float b, float a) override; // [Misaki] 接口实现
 
     /**
      * @brief サイズ再設定
@@ -91,7 +98,8 @@ public:
      * @param[in]       width        横幅
      * @param[in]       height       高さ
      */
-    void ResetRect(float x, float y, float width, float height);
+    // void ResetRect(float x, float y, float width, float height);     // [Misaki] 原
+    void ResetRect(float x, float y, float width, float height) override; // [Misaki] 接口实现
 
     /**
      * @brief ウインドウサイズ設定
@@ -99,10 +107,12 @@ public:
      * @param[in]       width        横幅
      * @param[in]       height       高さ
      */
-    void SetWindowSize(int width, int height);
+    // void SetWindowSize(int width, int height);     // [Misaki] 原
+    void SetWindowSize(int width, int height) override; // [Misaki] 接口实现
 
 private:
-    GLuint _textureId;      ///< テクスチャID
+    // GLuint _textureId;      ///< テクスチャID  [Misaki] 原
+    uintptr_t _textureId;       ///< テクスチャID  [Misaki] 抽象类型
     Rect _rect;             ///< 矩形
     int _positionLocation;  ///< 位置アトリビュート
     int _uvLocation;        ///< UVアトリビュート

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/LAppTextureManager.hpp

@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ public:
     */
     struct TextureInfo
     {
-        GLuint id;              ///< テクスチャID
+        // GLuint id;              ///< テクスチャID
+        uintptr_t id;
         int width;              ///< 横幅
         int height;             ///< 高さ
         std::string fileName;   ///< ファイル名

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/LAppView.hpp

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <Math/CubismViewMatrix.hpp>
 #include "CubismFramework.hpp"
 #include <Rendering/OpenGL/CubismOffscreenSurface_OpenGLES2.hpp>
+#include "ISpriteRenderer.hpp"      // 绘制接口抽象
 
 class TouchManager;
 class LAppSprite;
@@ -157,14 +158,17 @@ private:
     TouchManager* _touchManager;                 ///< タッチマネージャー
     Csm::CubismMatrix44* _deviceToScreen;    ///< デバイスからスクリーンへの行列
     Csm::CubismViewMatrix* _viewMatrix;      ///< viewMatrix
-    GLuint _programId;                       ///< シェーダID
+    // GLuint _programId;                       ///< シェーダID
+    uintptr_t _programId;                       ///< 顶点着色器ID
     //LAppSprite* _back;                       ///< 背景画像
     //LAppSprite* _gear;                       ///< ギア画像
     //LAppSprite* _power;                      ///< 電源画像
 
     // レンダリング先を別ターゲットにする方式の場合に使用
-    LAppSprite* _renderSprite;                                      ///< モードによっては_renderBufferのテクスチャを描画
-    Csm::Rendering::CubismOffscreenSurface_OpenGLES2 _renderBuffer;   ///< モードによってはCubismモデル結果をこっちにレンダリング
+    // LAppSprite* _renderSprite;                                      ///< モードによっては_renderBufferのテクスチャを描画
+    ISpriteRenderer* _renderSprite;                                     ///< 绘制接口抽象
+    // Csm::Rendering::CubismOffscreenSurface_OpenGLES2 _renderBuffer;   ///< モードによってはCubismモデル結果をこっちにレンダリング
+    CUBISM_OFFSCREEN_TYPE _renderBuffer;
     SelectTarget _renderTarget;     ///< レンダリング先の選択肢
     float _clearColor[4];           ///< レンダリングターゲットのクリアカラー
 };

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+# LAppLive2D — 独立 Live2D 渲染库
+
+## 概述
+
+`lapp_live2d` 是对 [Live2D Cubism SDK for Native](https://www.live2d.com/download/cubism-sdk/) 的封装层。  
+它将原 SDK 示例代码中的 OpenGL 硬编码抽离为抽象接口，使库本身**不依赖任何窗口框架**（Qt / SDL / GLFW / 自研引擎均可接入）。
+
+**核心设计原则**：
+- 零 Qt / GLFW / SDL 依赖 — 仅依赖 C++ 标准库 + OpenGL 头文件 + Cubism SDK
+- 渲染后端通过 `IRenderContext` / `ISpriteRenderer` 抽象接口注入
+- 窗口尺寸变更通过 `std::function` 回调通知，不持有窗口指针
+- 开发者可自由选择窗口框架，编写自己的 `GLCore`
+
+---
+
+## 依赖
+
+| 依赖 | 说明 |
+|------|------|
+| **Live2D Cubism Framework** | `libFramework.a`（静态库，Live2D 官方） |
+| **Live2D Cubism Core** | `libLive2DCubismCore.a`（静态库，Live2D 官方） |
+| **OpenGL / OpenGL ES 头文件** | 桌面: `GLEW` + `GLFW`头文件；嵌入式: `EGL` + `GLES2` |
+| **C++ 标准库** | `std::function`, `cstdint` 等 |
+
+不依赖任何 Qt / SDL / GLFW 链接库。
+
+---
+
+## 架构
+
+```
+┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  LAppDelegate (单例，应用入口)                              │
+│    Initialize(w, h)     — 仅需传入窗口尺寸                   │
+│    resize(w, h)         — 窗口变更通知                       │
+│    update()             — 每帧渲染                           │
+│    SetRenderContext()   — 注入渲染后端                       │
+│    SetWindowResizeCallback() — 窗口尺寸变更回调              │
+│    NotifyWindowResize() — LApp内部通知应用层调整窗口          │
+│    GetWindowWidth/Height() — 获取当前存储的窗口尺寸           │
+└──────────────┬────────────────┬────────────────────────────┘
+               │ 持有           │ 持有
+    ┌──────────▼──────┐   ┌─────▼──────────────────────────┐
+    │  LAppView       │   │  LAppLive2DManager             │
+    │  渲染管理        │   │  模型生命周期(加载/切换/更新)     │
+    │  - 触摸事件      │   │  - OnTap / OnDrag              │
+    │  - 坐标变换      │   │  - ModelSizeChange → 回调通知   │
+    │  - Sprite绘制    │   │                                │
+    └────────┬─────────┘   └─────┬──────────────────────────┘
+             │                   │ 管理
+    ┌────────▼───────────────────▼──────┐
+    │  LAppModel : CubismUserModel      │
+    │  单个Live2D模型实例                │
+    │  - 加载(.moc3 / .model3.json)     │
+    │  - 动画、物理、口型同步            │
+    │  - 命中检测 (HitTest)             │
+    │  - 渲染 (Draw → CubismRenderer)   │
+    └───────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+### 抽象接口
+
+```
+IRenderContext                 ISpriteRenderer
+  │                              │
+  ├─ Clear(r,g,b,a)              ├─ SetColor(r,g,b,a)
+  ├─ ClearDepth(d)               ├─ SetWindowSize(w,h)
+  ├─ SetViewport(x,y,w,h)        ├─ RenderImmidiate(texId, uv)
+  ├─ CreateShaderProgram()       ├─ IsHit(px, py)
+  ├─ GetShaderProgram()          ├─ ResetRect(x,y,w,h)
+  ├─ InitializeGLState()         └─ GetTextureId()
+  │
+  └── GLRenderContext (OpenGL实现)
+      - CompileShader() 内部编译 GLSL
+      - Clear → glClear / glClearColor
+      - SetViewport → glViewport
+```
+
+---
+
+## 接入方式（CMake）
+
+```cmake
+# 1. 在父 CMakeLists.txt 中配置 Framework 和 Core（IMPORTED）
+add_library(Framework STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
+set_target_properties(Framework PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "/path/to/libFramework.a")
+
+add_library(Live2DCubismCore STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
+set_target_properties(Live2DCubismCore PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "/path/to/libLive2DCubismCore.a")
+
+# 2. 导入 LAppLive2D 子项目
+add_subdirectory(3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D)
+
+# 3. 链接到你的可执行目标
+target_link_libraries(your_app PRIVATE lapp_live2d)
+```
+
+**注意**：LAppLive2D 内部引用 `<GL/glew.h>`（桌面）或 `<GLES2/gl2.h>`（嵌入式），需确保对应的头文件路径可用。参见父项目的 `CMakeLists.txt` 中如何为 `lapp_live2d` 补充平台 GL 头文件路径。
+
+---
+
+## 编写自定义窗口（以 Qt 为例）
+
+```cpp
+#include <QOpenGLWidget>
+#include "LAppDelegate.hpp"
+#include "GLRenderContext.hpp"
+
+class MyGLCore final : public QOpenGLWidget
+{
+    void initializeGL() override
+    {
+        // 1. 注入 IRenderContext（OpenGL 实现）
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->SetRenderContext(new GLRenderContext());
+
+        // 2. 注册窗口大小变更回调（模型加载时 LApp 通知你调整窗口）
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->SetWindowResizeCallback([this](int w, int h) {
+            setFixedSize(w, h);
+        });
+
+        // 3. 初始化 LApp（传入当前窗口尺寸）
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->Initialize(width(), height());
+    }
+
+    void resizeGL(int w, int h) override
+    {
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->resize(w, h);
+    }
+
+    void paintGL() override
+    {
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->update();
+    }
+
+    void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *ev) override {
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetView()->OnTouchesBegan(ev->position().x(), ev->position().y());
+    }
+    void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *ev) override {
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetView()->OnTouchesMoved(ev->position().x(), ev->position().y());
+    }
+    void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *ev) override {
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetView()->OnTouchesEnded(ev->position().x(), ev->position().y());
+    }
+};
+```
+
+---
+
+## 切换渲染后端
+
+### 当前支持
+
+| 后端 | 宏定义 | 说明 |
+|------|--------|------|
+| OpenGL ES2 | `RENDER_BACKEND_GLES2` | 嵌入式（RK3566 等） |
+| OpenGL | `RENDER_BACKEND_OPENGL` | 桌面 Windows / Linux |
+
+### 添加新后端
+
+**第 1 步** — 在 `LAppOpenGL.hpp` 的宏分支中加一条：
+
+```cpp
+#elif defined(RENDER_BACKEND_VULKAN)
+  #define RENDERER_BACKEND_TAG Vulkan
+```
+
+**第 2 步** — 实现 `VulkanRenderContext`（继承 `IRenderContext`），并在其中实现 `Clear` / `SetViewport` / `CreateShaderProgram` 等方法。
+
+**第 3 步** — CMake 中 `add_definitions(-DRENDER_BACKEND_VULKAN)`。
+
+**第 4 步** — 在你的窗口 `initializeGL()` 等价函数中创建 `VulkanRenderContext` 注入即可。
+
+切换后端时 `LAppModel` 和 `LAppView` 中的 `CUBISM_RENDERER_TYPE` / `CUBISM_OFFSCREEN_TYPE` 宏会自动跟随编译宏切换对应的 Cubism SDK 后端类型。
+
+---
+
+## API 参考
+
+### LAppDelegate（单例）
+
+```cpp
+// 初始化（必须在 OpenGL 上下文就绪后调用）
+bool Initialize(int windowWidth, int windowHeight);
+
+// 每帧调用
+void update();
+
+// 窗口尺寸变更
+void resize(int width, int height);
+
+// 注入渲染后端
+void SetRenderContext(IRenderContext* ctx);
+IRenderContext* GetRenderContext() const;
+
+// 窗口尺寸回调（模型加载时LApp通知应用层调整窗口）
+using WindowResizeFunc = std::function<void(int width, int height)>;
+void SetWindowResizeCallback(WindowResizeFunc cb);
+
+// 获取当前存储的窗口尺寸
+int GetWindowWidth() const;
+int GetWindowHeight() const;
+
+// 获取 View / TextureManager
+LAppView* GetView();
+LAppTextureManager* GetTextureManager();
+```
+
+### IRenderContext
+
+```cpp
+class IRenderContext {
+public:
+    virtual ~IRenderContext() = default;
+    virtual void Clear(float r, float g, float b, float a) = 0;
+    virtual void ClearDepth(float depth) = 0;
+    virtual void SetViewport(int x, int y, int w, int h) = 0;
+    virtual uintptr_t CreateShaderProgram() = 0;
+    virtual uintptr_t GetShaderProgram() const = 0;
+    virtual void InitializeGLState() = 0;
+};
+```
+
+### ISpriteRenderer
+
+```cpp
+class ISpriteRenderer {
+public:
+    virtual ~ISpriteRenderer() = default;
+    virtual void SetColor(float r, float g, float b, float a) = 0;
+    virtual void SetWindowSize(int w, int h) = 0;
+    virtual void RenderImmidiate(uintptr_t textureId, const float uvVertex[8]) const = 0;
+    virtual bool IsHit(float px, float py) const = 0;
+    virtual void ResetRect(float x, float y, float w, float h) = 0;
+    virtual uintptr_t GetTextureId() const = 0;
+};
+```
+
+---
+
+## 触摸事件映射
+
+LApp 不依赖任何窗口事件系统，触摸由应用层主动调用：
+
+```cpp
+// 对应 QMouseEvent / SDL_MouseButtonEvent / GLFW 回调
+LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetView()->OnTouchesBegan(x, y);  // 按下
+LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetView()->OnTouchesMoved(x, y);  // 移动
+LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetView()->OnTouchesEnded(x, y);  // 释放
+
+// 坐标需为窗口内像素坐标，原点在左上角
+```
+
+---
+
+## 项目结构
+
+```
+LAppLive2D/
+├── Inc/
+│   ├── LAppDelegate.hpp        ← 应用入口（单例）
+│   ├── LAppView.hpp            ← 渲染视图管理
+│   ├── LAppModel.hpp           ← 模型实例
+│   ├── LAppSprite.hpp          ← Sprite 绘制（继承 ISpriteRenderer）
+│   ├── LAppLive2DManager.hpp   ← 模型集管理
+│   ├── LAppTextureManager.hpp  ← 纹理管理
+│   ├── LAppPal.hpp             ← 平台抽象（文件IO、时间）
+│   ├── LAppAllocator.hpp       ← 内存分配器
+│   ├── LAppDefine.hpp          ← 配置常量
+│   ├── LAppWavFileHandler.hpp  ← WAV文件解析
+│   ├── TouchManager.hpp        ← 触摸状态管理
+│   ├── LAppOpenGL.hpp          ← OpenGL 头文件 + 后端宏
+│   │
+│   ├── IRenderContext.hpp      ← 渲染上下文抽象接口 ★
+│   ├── ISpriteRenderer.hpp     ← Sprite渲染抽象接口 ★
+│   └── GLRenderContext.hpp     ← OpenGL IRenderContext 实现 ★
+│
+├── Src/
+│   ├── *.cpp                   ← 各模块实现
+│   └── ...
+│
+├── CMakeLists.txt              ← 子项目构建脚本
+└── README.md                   ← 本文件
+```

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Src/LAppDelegate.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "LAppDelegate.hpp"
+// #include <QWidget>       // [Misaki] LApp 已完全解耦Qt，不再需要
 #include <iostream>
 #include "LAppView.hpp"
 #include "LAppPal.hpp"
@@ -114,20 +115,23 @@ void LAppDelegate::ReleaseInstance()
 //     return GL_TRUE;
 // }
 
-bool LAppDelegate::Initialize(GLCore* window)
+// bool LAppDelegate::Initialize(GLCore* window)  // [Misaki] 原
+// bool LAppDelegate::Initialize(QWidget* window)  // [Misaki] 中间解耦版本
+bool LAppDelegate::Initialize(int windowWidth, int windowHeight) // [Misaki] 完全解耦Qt
 {
     if (DebugLogEnable) LAppPal::PrintLogLn("START");
-    _window = window;
-    if (!_window) return false;
-
-    _windowWidth = _window->width();
-    _windowHeight = _window->height();
+    // _window = window;                          // [Misaki] 不再持有窗口指针
+    // if (!_window) return false;
+    _windowWidth = windowWidth;
+    _windowHeight = windowHeight;
 
     // OpenGL 初始化（不依赖 glew）
-    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-    glEnable(GL_BLEND);
-    glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+    // [Misaki] 原代码：原始GL调用，已抽象到IRenderContext
+    // glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    // glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    // glEnable(GL_BLEND);
+    // glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+    _renderContext->InitializeGLState();
 
     _view->Initialize();
     InitializeCubism();
@@ -201,20 +205,22 @@ void LAppDelegate::resize(int width, int height)
 {
     if ((_windowWidth != width || _windowHeight != height) && width > 0 && height > 0)
     {
+        // [Misaki] 先更新尺寸再调_view方法，因为_view内部会通过GetWindowWidth/Height获取
+        _windowWidth = width;
+        _windowHeight = height;
         //AppViewの初期化
         _view->Initialize();
         // スプライトサイズを再設定
         _view->ResizeSprite();
-        // サイズを保存しておく
-        _windowWidth = width;
-        _windowHeight = height;
 
         // ビューポート変更
-        glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
+        // glViewport(0, 0, width, height);     // [Misaki] 原始GL，改用IRenderContext
+        _renderContext->SetViewport(0, 0, width, height);
     }
     else
     {
-        glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
+        // glViewport(0, 0, width, height);     // [Misaki] 原始GL，改用IRenderContext
+        _renderContext->SetViewport(0, 0, width, height);
     }
 }
 
@@ -235,15 +241,18 @@ void LAppDelegate::resize(int width, int height)
 void LAppDelegate::update()
 {
     LAppPal::UpdateTime();
-    glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
-    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
-    LAPP_GL_CLEAR_DEPTH(1.0f);
+    // [Misaki] 原代码：原始GL调用，已抽象到IRenderContext
+    // glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
+    // glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+    // LAPP_GL_CLEAR_DEPTH(1.0f);
+    _renderContext->Clear(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
+    _renderContext->ClearDepth(1.0f);
     _view->Render();
 }
 
 LAppDelegate::LAppDelegate():
     _cubismOption(),
-    _window(nullptr),
+    // _window(nullptr),                          // [Misaki] 已解耦，不再持有窗口指针
     _captured(false),
     _mouseX(0.0f),
     _mouseY(0.0f),
@@ -384,66 +393,26 @@ void LAppDelegate::OnMouseCallBack(double x, double y)
 //     return programId;
 // }
 GLuint LAppDelegate::CreateShader()
+{
+    // [Misaki] Shader编译逻辑已移入GLRenderContext::CompileShader()
+    // 本函数保留兼容签名，内部委托给IRenderContext
+    return static_cast<GLuint>(_renderContext->GetShaderProgram());
+}
+/*
+// [Misaki] 原Shader编译代码，已迁移至GLRenderContext::CompileShader()
+GLuint LAppDelegate::CreateShader()
 {
 #if defined(QT_OPENGL_ES_2) || defined(QT_OPENGL_ES_3) || defined(EMBEDDED_LINUX)
     // OpenGL ES 2.0/3.0 着色器
-    const char* vertexShader =
-        "#version 100\n"
-        "attribute vec3 position;\n"
-        "attribute vec2 uv;\n"
-        "varying vec2 vuv;\n"
-        "void main() {\n"
-        "    gl_Position = vec4(position, 1.0);\n"
-        "    vuv = uv;\n"
-        "}\n";
-    const char* fragmentShader =
-        "#version 100\n"
-        "precision mediump float;\n"
-        "varying vec2 vuv;\n"
-        "uniform sampler2D texture;\n"
-        "uniform vec4 baseColor;\n"
-        "void main() {\n"
-        "    gl_FragColor = texture2D(texture, vuv) * baseColor;\n"
-        "}\n";
+    const char* vertexShader = ...;
+    ...
 #else
-    // 桌面 OpenGL 2.1 着色器
-    const char* vertexShader =
-        "#version 120\n"
-        "attribute vec3 position;"
-        "attribute vec2 uv;"
-        "varying vec2 vuv;"
-        "void main(void){"
-        "    gl_Position = vec4(position, 1.0);"
-        "    vuv = uv;"
-        "}";
-    const char* fragmentShader =
-        "#version 120\n"
-        "varying vec2 vuv;"
-        "uniform sampler2D texture;"
-        "uniform vec4 baseColor;"
-        "void main(void){"
-        "    gl_FragColor = texture2D(texture, vuv) * baseColor;"
-        "}";
+    ...
 #endif
-
-    // 编译链接着色器（原样）
-    GLuint vertexShaderId = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
-    glShaderSource(vertexShaderId, 1, &vertexShader, nullptr);
-    glCompileShader(vertexShaderId);
-    if (!CheckShader(vertexShaderId)) return 0;
-
-    GLuint fragmentShaderId = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
-    glShaderSource(fragmentShaderId, 1, &fragmentShader, nullptr);
-    glCompileShader(fragmentShaderId);
-    if (!CheckShader(fragmentShaderId)) return 0;
-
-    GLuint programId = glCreateProgram();
-    glAttachShader(programId, vertexShaderId);
-    glAttachShader(programId, fragmentShaderId);
-    glLinkProgram(programId);
-    glUseProgram(programId);
+    ...
     return programId;
 }
+*/
 
 // 鼠标回调简化（不再依赖 GLFWwindow*）
 void LAppDelegate::OnMouseCallBack(int button, int action, int mods)

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Src/LAppLive2DManager.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "LAppLive2DManager.hpp"
+// #include <QWidget>          // [Misaki] LApp 已完全解耦Qt
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #if defined(_WIN32)
@@ -221,8 +222,8 @@ void LAppLive2DManager::OnUpdate() const
 {
     //glfwGetWindowSize(LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow(), &width, &height);
 
-    int width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->width();
-    int height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->height();
+    int width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowWidth();
+    int height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowHeight();
 
     csmUint32 modelCount = _models.GetSize();
     for (csmUint32 i = 0; i < modelCount; ++i)
@@ -263,17 +264,16 @@ void LAppLive2DManager::OnUpdate() const
         LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetView()->PostModelDraw(*model);
     }
 }
-#include <AppContext.h>
+// #include <AppContext.h>                         // [Misaki] 解耦，改用LAppDelegate回调
 void LAppLive2DManager::ModelSizeChange(const int Sacle = 15)
 {
-    // 加载完后根据模型大小来重新设置当前窗口大小
     const int width = static_cast<int>(_models[0]->GetModel()->GetCanvasWidthPixel() / Sacle);
     const int height = static_cast<int>(_models[0]->GetModel()->GetCanvasHeightPixel() / Sacle);
 
-    // 确保在主线程调用 UI 相关操作
-    if(AppContext::GetGLCore()) {
-        AppContext::GetGLCore()->setWindowSize(width, height);
-    }
+    // if(AppContext::GetGLCore()) {                               // [Misaki] 原
+    //     AppContext::GetGLCore()->setWindowSize(width, height);
+    // }
+    LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->NotifyWindowResize(width, height); // [Misaki] 通过回调通知应用层
     LAppPal::PrintLogLn("[APP]窗口尺寸重新设置为: W: %d H: %d", width, height);
 }
 void LAppLive2DManager::LoadModelFromPath(const std::string& modelPath, const std::string& fileName) 
@@ -288,7 +288,8 @@ void LAppLive2DManager::LoadModelFromPath(const std::string& modelPath, const st
     // 加载完后根据模型大小来重新设置当前窗口大小
     const int width = static_cast<int>(_models[0]->GetModel()->GetCanvasWidthPixel() / 15.0);
     const int height = static_cast<int>(_models[0]->GetModel()->GetCanvasHeightPixel() / 15.0);
-    AppContext::GetGLCore()->setWindowSize(width, height);      // 获取GLCore上下文
+    // AppContext::GetGLCore()->setWindowSize(width, height);      // [Misaki] 原
+    LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->NotifyWindowResize(width, height); // [Misaki] 通过回调通知应用层
     LAppPal::PrintLogLn("[APP]窗口尺寸重新设置为: W: %d H: %d", width, height);
     /*
      * 提供一个半透明表示模型的示例。
@@ -351,14 +352,13 @@ void LAppLive2DManager::MountLoadedModel(LAppModel* model)
     }
 
     // 加载完后根据模型大小来重新设置当前窗口大小
-    const int width = static_cast<int>(_models[0]->GetModel()->GetCanvasWidthPixel() / 15.0);
-    const int height = static_cast<int>(_models[0]->GetModel()->GetCanvasHeightPixel() / 15.0);
-
-    // 确保在主线程调用 UI 相关操作
-    if(AppContext::GetGLCore()) {
-        AppContext::GetGLCore()->setWindowSize(width, height);
-    }
-    LAppPal::PrintLogLn("[APP]窗口尺寸重新设置为: W: %d H: %d", width, height);
+    // [Misaki] 原代码直接调AppContext，改为统一使用ModelSizeChange
+    // const int width = static_cast<int>(_models[0]->GetModel()->GetCanvasWidthPixel() / 15.0);
+    // const int height = static_cast<int>(_models[0]->GetModel()->GetCanvasHeightPixel() / 15.0);
+    // if(AppContext::GetGLCore()) {
+    //     AppContext::GetGLCore()->setWindowSize(width, height);
+    // }
+    ModelSizeChange(15);                                // [Misaki] 统一入口，回调通知应用层
 
     // 设置渲染目标等
     {

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Src/LAppModel.cpp

@@ -789,7 +789,8 @@ void LAppModel::DoDraw()
         return;
     }
 
-    GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->DrawModel();
+    // GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->DrawModel();
+    GetRenderer<CUBISM_RENDERER_TYPE>()->DrawModel();       // 适配不同渲染器
 }
 
 void LAppModel::Draw(CubismMatrix44& matrix)
@@ -801,8 +802,10 @@ void LAppModel::Draw(CubismMatrix44& matrix)
 
     matrix.MultiplyByMatrix(_modelMatrix);
 
-    GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->SetMvpMatrix(&matrix);
-
+    // 設定MVP行列
+    // GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->SetMvpMatrix(&matrix);
+    GetRenderer<CUBISM_RENDERER_TYPE>()->SetMvpMatrix(&matrix);     // 适配不同渲染器
+    // 描画
     DoDraw();
 }
 
@@ -892,13 +895,16 @@ void LAppModel::SetupTextures()
         const csmInt32 glTextueNumber = texture->id;
 
         //OpenGL
-        GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->BindTexture(modelTextureNumber, glTextueNumber);
+        // GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->BindTexture(modelTextureNumber, glTextueNumber);
+        GetRenderer<CUBISM_RENDERER_TYPE>()->BindTexture(modelTextureNumber, glTextueNumber);       // 适配不同渲染器
     }
 
 #ifdef PREMULTIPLIED_ALPHA_ENABLE
-    GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->IsPremultipliedAlpha(true);
+    // GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->IsPremultipliedAlpha(true);
+    GetRenderer<CUBISM_RENDERER_TYPE>()->IsPremultipliedAlpha(true);
 #else
-    GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->IsPremultipliedAlpha(false);
+    // GetRenderer<Rendering::CubismRenderer_OpenGLES2>()->IsPremultipliedAlpha(false);
+    GetRenderer<CUBISM_RENDERER_TYPE>()->IsPremultipliedAlpha(false);
 #endif
 
 }

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Src/LAppSprite.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 
 #include "LAppSprite.hpp"
 
-LAppSprite::LAppSprite(float x, float y, float width, float height, GLuint textureId, GLuint programId)
+// LAppSprite::LAppSprite(float x, float y, float width, float height, GLuint textureId, GLuint programId) // [Misaki] 原
+LAppSprite::LAppSprite(float x, float y, float width, float height, uintptr_t textureId, uintptr_t programId) // [Misaki] 抽象类型
     : _rect()
 {
     _rect.left = (x - width * 0.5f);
@@ -16,11 +17,15 @@ LAppSprite::LAppSprite(float x, float y, float width, float height, GLuint textu
     _rect.down = (y - height * 0.5f);
     _textureId = textureId;
 
-    // 何番目のattribute変数か
-    _positionLocation = glGetAttribLocation(programId, "position");
-    _uvLocation      = glGetAttribLocation(programId, "uv");
-    _textureLocation = glGetUniformLocation(programId, "texture");
-    _colorLocation = glGetUniformLocation(programId, "baseColor");
+    // [Misaki] 原代码：直接传GLuint，改用static_cast适配抽象类型uintptr_t
+    // _positionLocation = glGetAttribLocation(programId, "position");
+    // _uvLocation      = glGetAttribLocation(programId, "uv");
+    // _textureLocation = glGetUniformLocation(programId, "texture");
+    // _colorLocation = glGetUniformLocation(programId, "baseColor");
+    _positionLocation = glGetAttribLocation(static_cast<GLuint>(programId), "position");
+    _uvLocation      = glGetAttribLocation(static_cast<GLuint>(programId), "uv");
+    _textureLocation = glGetUniformLocation(static_cast<GLuint>(programId), "texture");
+    _colorLocation = glGetUniformLocation(static_cast<GLuint>(programId), "baseColor");
 
     _spriteColor[0] = 1.0f;
     _spriteColor[1] = 1.0f;
@@ -72,11 +77,13 @@ void LAppSprite::Render() const
 
 
     // モデルの描画
-    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, _textureId);
+    // glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, _textureId);              // [Misaki] 原
+    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, static_cast<GLuint>(_textureId)); // [Misaki] 抽象类型转换
     glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
 }
 
-void LAppSprite::RenderImmidiate(GLuint textureId, const GLfloat uvVertex[8]) const
+// void LAppSprite::RenderImmidiate(GLuint textureId, const GLfloat uvVertex[8]) const    // [Misaki] 原
+void LAppSprite::RenderImmidiate(uintptr_t textureId, const float uvVertex[8]) const       // [Misaki] 抽象类型
 {
     if (_maxWidth == 0 || _maxHeight == 0)
     {
@@ -106,7 +113,8 @@ void LAppSprite::RenderImmidiate(GLuint textureId, const GLfloat uvVertex[8]) co
     glUniform4f(_colorLocation, _spriteColor[0], _spriteColor[1], _spriteColor[2], _spriteColor[3]);
 
     // モデルの描画
-    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureId);
+    // glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureId);              // [Misaki] 原
+    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, static_cast<GLuint>(textureId)); // [Misaki] 抽象类型转换
     glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4);
 }
 

3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Src/LAppView.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "LAppView.hpp"
+// #include <QWidget>       // [Misaki] 已完全解耦Qt，改用GetWindowWidth/Height
 #include <math.h>
 #include <string>
 #include "LAppPal.hpp"
@@ -60,8 +61,8 @@ void LAppView::Initialize()
 {
     int width, height;
     //glfwGetWindowSize(LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow(), &width, &height);
-    width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->width();
-    height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->height();
+    width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowWidth();
+    height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowHeight();
 
     if(width==0 || height==0)
     {
@@ -109,8 +110,8 @@ void LAppView::Render()
     // 画面サイズを取得する
     int maxWidth, maxHeight;
     //glfwGetWindowSize(LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow(), &maxWidth, &maxHeight);
-    maxWidth = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->width();
-    maxHeight = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->height();
+    maxWidth = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowWidth();
+    maxHeight = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowHeight();
 
     //_back->SetWindowSize(maxWidth, maxHeight);
     //_gear->SetWindowSize(maxWidth, maxHeight);
@@ -155,12 +156,13 @@ void LAppView::Render()
 
 void LAppView::InitializeSprite()
 {
-    _programId = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->CreateShader();
+    // _programId = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->CreateShader();
+    _programId = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetRenderContext()->CreateShaderProgram();
 
     int width, height;
     //glfwGetWindowSize(LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow(), &width, &height);
-    width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->width();
-    height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->height();
+    width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowWidth();
+    height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowHeight();
 
     LAppTextureManager* textureManager = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetTextureManager();
     const string resourcesPath = ResourcesPath;
@@ -196,6 +198,13 @@ void LAppView::InitializeSprite()
 //    x = width * 0.5f;
 //    y = height * 0.5f;
 //    _renderSprite = new LAppSprite(x, y, static_cast<float>(width), static_cast<float>(height), 0, _programId);
+// [Misaki] _programId 类型由GLuint改为uintptr_t，构造参数匹配
+// _renderSprite = new LAppSprite(x, y, static_cast<float>(width),
+// static_cast<float>(height), 0,
+// static_cast<GLuint>(_programId));
+    float x = width * 0.5f;
+    float y = height * 0.5f;
+    _renderSprite = new LAppSprite(x, y, static_cast<float>(width), static_cast<float>(height), 0, static_cast<uintptr_t>(_programId));
 }
 
 void LAppView::OnTouchesBegan(float px, float py) const
@@ -303,8 +312,8 @@ void LAppView::PreModelDraw(LAppModel& refModel)
         {// 描画ターゲット内部未作成の場合はここで作成
             int width, height;
             /*glfwGetWindowSize(LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow(), &width, &height);*/
-            width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->width();
-            height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->height();
+            width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowWidth();
+            height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowHeight();
 
             if (width != 0 && height != 0)
             {
@@ -350,8 +359,8 @@ void LAppView::PostModelDraw(LAppModel& refModel)
             int maxWidth, maxHeight;
             /*glfwGetWindowSize(LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow(), &maxWidth, &maxHeight);*/
 
-            maxWidth = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->width();   // Misaki 修改
-            maxHeight = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->height();
+            maxWidth = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowWidth();   // Misaki 修改
+            maxHeight = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowHeight();
 
             _renderSprite->SetWindowSize(maxWidth, maxHeight);
 
@@ -400,8 +409,8 @@ void LAppView::ResizeSprite()
     // 描画領域サイズ
     int width, height;
     //glfwGetWindowSize(LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow(), &width, &height);
-    width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->width();
-    height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindow()->height();
+    width = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowWidth();
+    height = LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetWindowHeight();
 
     float x = 0.0f;
     float y = 0.0f;

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -39,6 +39,13 @@ else()
     message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported platform")
 endif()
 
+# 渲染后端选择
+if(PLAT STREQUAL "linux_arm")
+    add_definitions(-DRENDER_BACKEND_GLES2)
+else()
+    add_definitions(-DRENDER_BACKEND_OPENGL)
+endif()
+
 message(STATUS "  当前Qt路径: ${CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH}")
 message(STATUS "  当前平台： ${PLAT}， 架构： ${ARCH}")
 
@@ -51,11 +58,6 @@ endif()
 set(FRAMEWORK_SOURCE OpenGL)
 
 # 查找源文件
-file(GLOB_RECURSE LAppLive2D
-        CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
-        "3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Src/*.cpp"
-        "3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc/*.hpp"
-)
 file(GLOB_RECURSE YosugaSrc
         CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
         "src/Handle/AudioHandle/Src/*.cpp"
@@ -119,7 +121,7 @@ else()
 endif()
 
 # 主可执行文件
-add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp ${LAppLive2D} ${YosugaSrc})
+add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp ${YosugaSrc})
 
 # =============================================
 # 库导入路径配置
@@ -168,6 +170,25 @@ add_library(Live2DCubismCore STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
 set_target_properties(Live2DCubismCore PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION "${CORE_LIB_PATH}")
 message(STATUS "Live2D Core 库: ${CORE_LIB_PATH}")
 
+# 导入 LAppLive2D 子项目 Live2D 应用层，静态库
+# 依赖顺序：lapp_live2d -> Framework -> Live2DCubismCore
+add_subdirectory(3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D)
+
+# LAppOpenGL.hpp 根据平台选择 GL / GLES2 头文件，为 lapp_live2d 补充对应路径
+if(NOT PLAT STREQUAL "linux_arm")
+    target_include_directories(lapp_live2d PUBLIC
+            3rdparty/Live2D/Src/glew/include
+            3rdparty/Live2D/Src/glew/include/GL
+            3rdparty/Live2D/Src/glfw/include
+            3rdparty/Live2D/Src/glfw/include/GLFW
+    )
+else()
+    target_include_directories(lapp_live2d PUBLIC
+            /home/misaki/MisakiCodes/Env/rk3566-sdk/host/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/include
+            /home/misaki/MisakiCodes/Env/rk3566-sdk/host/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/include/GLES2
+    )
+endif()
+
 # GLFW 和 GLEW（仅桌面平台需要）
 if(NOT PLAT STREQUAL "linux_arm")
     # glfw
@@ -194,11 +215,10 @@ if(NOT PLAT STREQUAL "linux_arm")
     message(STATUS "GLEW 库: ${GLEW_LIB_NAME}")
 endif()
 
-# =============================================
 # 链接库
-# =============================================
 if(PLAT STREQUAL "linux_arm")       ## 针对嵌入式Linux的配置，部分条目需要根据你的soc以及sysroot进行修改
     target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
+            lapp_live2d
             Framework
             Live2DCubismCore
             # Mali GPU 驱动完整链接（EGLFS 必需）
@@ -217,6 +237,7 @@ if(PLAT STREQUAL "linux_arm")       ## 针对嵌入式Linux的配置，部分条
 else()
     # 桌面平台
     target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
+            lapp_live2d
             Framework
             glfw3
             GLEW
@@ -238,14 +259,8 @@ else()
     endif()
 endif()
 
-# =============================================
 # 头文件路径
-# =============================================
 target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
-        3rdparty/Live2D/Src/Framework/src
-        3rdparty/Live2D/Src/Core/include
-        3rdparty/Live2D/Src/stb
-        3rdparty/Live2D/Src/LAppLive2D/Inc
         3rdparty/autogui-cpp/src
         src/Handle/AudioHandle/Inc
         src/Handle/NetWorkHandle/Inc
@@ -258,24 +273,6 @@ target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
         src/Utils/Inc
 )
 
-# ARM 平台需要包含 sysroot 中的 OpenGL ES 头文件 此处需要根据实际sysroot目录进行修改配置
-if(PLAT STREQUAL "linux_arm")
-    target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
-            /home/misaki/MisakiCodes/Env/rk3566-sdk/host/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/include
-            /home/misaki/MisakiCodes/Env/rk3566-sdk/host/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/include/GLES2
-    )
-endif()
-
-# 非 ARM 平台才需要 GLEW/GLFW 头文件路径
-if(NOT PLAT STREQUAL "linux_arm")
-    target_include_directories(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE
-            3rdparty/Live2D/Src/glew/include
-            3rdparty/Live2D/Src/glew/include/GL
-            3rdparty/Live2D/Src/glfw/include
-            3rdparty/Live2D/Src/glfw/include/GLFW
-    )
-endif()
-
 # 资源复制（所有平台）
 file(COPY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/other/Resources"
         DESTINATION "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}")

src/Core/Src/GLCore.cpp

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 #include "TextRenderer.h"
 #include "AppContext.h"
+#include "GLRenderContext.hpp"                     // 渲染后端抽象
 #ifdef EMBEDDED_LINUX
 #include "AppCore.h"
 #include <QIcon>
@@ -337,7 +338,16 @@ void GLCore::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent* event)
 
 void GLCore::initializeGL()
 {
-    LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->Initialize(this);
+    // [Misaki] 注入渲染后端抽象层，由GLCore(OpenGL)创建GLRenderContext并交给LAppDelegate管理
+    if (!LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->GetRenderContext()) {
+        LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->SetRenderContext(new GLRenderContext());
+    }
+    // [Misaki] 注册窗口大小变更回调 — 模型加载后通过此回调通知GLCore调整窗口
+    LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->SetWindowResizeCallback([this](int w, int h) {
+        setWindowSize(w, h);
+    });
+    // LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->Initialize(this);  // [Misaki] 原(QWidget*)
+    LAppDelegate::GetInstance()->Initialize(this->width(), this->height()); // [Misaki] 解耦Qt
 }
 
 void GLCore::paintGL()